Menopause is a natural stage of life when periods stop and hormone levels change. It usually happens between the ages of 45 and 55. Every woman’s experience is different — some have few symptoms, while others find the changes affect their daily life.
Perimenopause and menopause
The years leading up to menopause are called perimenopause. During this time, periods may become irregular and symptoms often begin. You’ve reached menopause when you haven’t had a period for 12 months in a row.
Common symptoms
- Hot flushes and night sweats
- Difficulty sleeping
- Mood changes, low mood or anxiety
- Brain fog and trouble concentrating
- Joint aches and tiredness
- Vaginal dryness and lower sex drive
Everyday tips that can help
- Keep cool: wear light layers, keep your bedroom cool and have a cold drink to hand.
- Notice your triggers: spicy food, caffeine and alcohol can make hot flushes worse for some women.
- Stay active: regular exercise can improve mood, sleep and bone health.
- Look after your bones and heart: eat calcium-rich foods, get enough vitamin D and limit salt and saturated fat.
- Prioritise sleep: keep a regular bedtime routine and limit screens before bed.
- Talk about it: sharing how you feel with friends, family or a support group can really help.
When to see your doctor
If your symptoms are affecting your daily life, speak to your doctor. There are effective treatments available, including hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and other options, and your doctor can help you decide what’s right for you. You should also see a doctor if you have any bleeding after menopause.
This guide is for general information only and is not a substitute for advice from your doctor. If you have symptoms or concerns, please speak to a healthcare professional.
